In order to support the poor, homeless, orphans, and disabled persons, voluntary work and nonprofit activities were started first in churches and religious centers (dugnadseksperten). These activities dominated for quite a long time over other activities. In the 1980s, with the continuously increasing development of civil institutions and centers for human rights in Europe and the United States, there were hundreds of associations and voluntary unions, and voluntary activities changed into a value in Western culture in all cities and even districts.
At the first point, these efforts in most countries were limited to environmental and natural issues but included every aspect of life in such a way that some people were members of various charitable organizations (https://www.dugnadseksperten.no/tennbriketter-dugnad/). For their energetic efforts, they got nothing. Voluntary work is directly linked to people’s lives, careers, and incomes. Therefore, two layers of this problem are examined: social and human.
Individual-level
As long as you are not happy with your life and operation, you can not do anything else, which is not in line with your current operation and life. In other words, so long as the person is unable to fulfill his / her needs, he/she is the least interested in volunteer work and, therefore, the best in voluntary work is for those with a better lifestyle and those in better income classes.
Social level
If members of an organization understand, and if social standards and perception consider community activities to be good, the society in which they live belongs to each member, and their members are not remote islands, then there is no question the voluntary participation will be improved (https://www.dugnadseksperten.no/kort-dugnad/). The other important case here at the social level is democracy and the people’s law in the organization of volunteer actions. The majority of countries of the Third World have put a lot of barriers with their authoritarian and authoritarian systems in the way of volunteer enterprises since they see this as a potential danger to the dictatorial government, and because most of their voluntary activities are carried out by the middle and the middle class.